Living Near the Ocean May Add Years to Your Life, New Study Finds

A gentle sea breeze, the sound of waves, and a view of the ocean—for many, it’s a dream. But what if that dream also came with the benefit of a longer life? Researchers from The Ohio State University, in a study published in Environmental Research, discovered that coastal living is linked to higher life expectancy. People residing near the ocean were found to live at least a year longer than the U.S. average of 79 years.

However, the study also reveals a surprising and critical distinction: not all bodies of water are created equal when it comes to human health. Living within roughly 30 miles of the ocean or gulf was tied to a longer lifespan, but city residents near inland rivers and lakes showed the reverse trend, averaging about 78 years—slightly below the national norm.

The Coastal Advantage: More Than Just a View

The study’s lead researcher, Jianyong “Jamie” Wu, and his team delved into the complex factors that might explain this stark difference. Their analysis points to a mix of environmental and social factors that give coastal areas a significant health advantage.

One of the most significant findings was the difference in climate. Compared to inland locations, coastal areas usually have gentler climates with cooler summers and far fewer days of extreme heat. These cooler summers can reduce the risk of heat-related illnesses and stress on the body. This is a crucial finding, as rising global temperatures have been linked to an increase in mortality, particularly in urban heat islands.

Air quality also tends to be better along the coast, where steady sea breezes scatter pollutants and keep the atmosphere cleaner. This contrasts sharply with many inland cities situated along rivers, which often have higher levels of air pollution from industry, vehicles, and other urban sources.

The study also highlighted the socioeconomic benefits of coastal living. Coastal areas often boast higher incomes and greater opportunities for outdoor recreation, such as walking, cycling, and water sports. These factors contribute to a healthier lifestyle, reducing the risk of conditions like obesity and heart disease.

Earlier studies have connected water proximity with better health, but this research is the first to closely compare how different kinds of “blue spaces” influence life expectancy.

Inland Urban Waters: A Different Story

So why do urban residents living near inland rivers and lakes face a shorter life expectancy? The researchers suggest that pollution, poverty, and a lack of safe recreational opportunities play a key role.

Many of America’s major rivers and lakes have historically been and continue to be industrial and transportation hubs. This has led to higher levels of air and water pollution, which can negatively impact public health.

The study also noted that these urban areas often face higher rates of poverty, which is a well-known determinant of health. Lower-income neighborhoods may have less access to quality healthcare, healthy food options, and safe public spaces for physical activity.

Furthermore, the risk of natural disasters like flooding is a significant factor. Flooding can disrupt communities, damage infrastructure, and expose residents to contaminated water, all of which can have long-term health consequences. Tidal movements follow a predictable rhythm, but floods along rivers can strike suddenly and cause severe damage in nearby communities.

A Call to Re-evaluate Our “Blue Spaces”

The findings of this groundbreaking study challenge the widely held assumption that any proximity to water is beneficial. It forces a re-evaluation of how we view and manage our “blue spaces.” The study’s authors emphasize that health inequities, driven by complex environmental and social factors, are a major reason for the differences they observed.

In recent years, life expectancy in the United States has dropped more sharply—and recovered more slowly—than in other high-income countries. This study provides valuable insight into this trend, suggesting that environmental factors tied to geography and socioeconomic status are playing a key role.

While moving to the coast isn’t a realistic option for everyone, the study offers a powerful message for public health officials and urban planners. It highlights the need to address pollution, improve access to safe recreational spaces, and mitigate environmental risks in all communities, especially those near inland waters.

The key to a longer, healthier life may not be just living by the water, but living in a community where the water—and all the factors that come with it—are clean, safe, and supportive of a healthy lifestyle.